Heritability and Selection Using GGE Biplots and the Sustainability Index (SI) of Maize Mutants under Different Cropping Systems in Upland

A good maize plant breeding program must consider the effect of genotype-by-environment interactions (GEIs) and correlation important traits. The purpose this study was to evaluate genetic variation, identify investigate implications GEIs on mutants in order determine ideal genotypes (stable high yield), best intercropping system for mutants, heritability relationships traits tested that are cultivation. This research carried out five different systems Upland West Java, Indonesia. randomized block design with two replications used field experiment. measurement results revealed diversity is broad, six axes having eigenvalues ranging from 8.76 1.07 a cumulative value 76.64%. neighbor-joining tree also showed wide range yielding distinct groups. had significant 14 tested, particularly yield. environment impact variation all tested. cropping selecting mutant Environment 4 (maize + rice). Superior were successfully selected based GGE biplot. Thus, sustainability index (SI) select superior by 20.00%. These methods only 15.00% mutants. One trait has low value, have moderate 17 value. yields correlated positively significantly nine yield Future maize-breeding programs can be data diversity, heritability, relationship as an alternative increasing cultivation income. Selected proposed new genotype candidates.